Books and Blogs About Cultural Appropriation

Cultural appropriation is a complicated topic. Although the issue often appears in news headlines when clothing chains such as Urban Outfitters or singers such as Miley Cyrus and Katy Perry face accusations of cultural appropriation, the concept remains difficult for many people to grasp. The most simple definition of cultural appropriation is that it occurs when members of a dominant culture borrow from the cultures of minority groups without their input. Typically those doing the â€Å"borrowing,† or exploiting, lack a contextual understanding of what makes the cultural symbols, art forms and modes of expression significant. Despite their ignorance of the ethnic groups from which they borrow, members of the majority culture have frequently profited from cultural exploitation. Given that cultural appropriation is such a multi-layered issue, a number of books have been written about the trend. Members of marginalized groups have also launched websites specifically devoted to educating the public about cultural appropriation. This overview highlights noteworthy literature and websites about this persistent phenomenon. Cultural Appropriation And The Arts This book by James O. Young uses philosophy as the foundation to examine the â€Å"moral and aesthetic issues to which cultural appropriation gives rise.† Young highlights how white musicians such as Bix Beiderbeck to Eric Clapton have gained from appropriating African-American musical styles. Young also addresses the consequences of cultural appropriation and whether the trend is morally objectionable. Moreover, can appropriation lead to artistic successes? With Conrad G. Brunk, Young also edited a book called the Ethics of Cultural Appropriation. In addition to exploring cultural appropriation in the arts, the book focuses on the practice in archaeology, museums and religion. Who Owns Culture? - Appropriation and Authenticity in American Law Fordham University Law Professor Susan Scafidi asks who owns artforms such as rap music, global fashion and geisha culture, to name a few. Scafidi points out that members of culturally exploited groups typically have little legal recourse when others use their traditional dress, music forms and other practices as inspiration. The book is billed as the first to investigate why the United States offers legal protections for works of literature but not for folklore. Scafidi asks larger questions as well. Specifically, what does cultural appropriation reveal about American culture overall. Is it as innovative as widely thought or the byproduct of â€Å"cultural kleptomania?† Borrowed Power: Essays on Cultural Appropriation This collection of essays edited by Bruce Ziff focuses specifically on Western appropriation of Native American cultures. The book explores the artifacts, symbols and concepts typically targeted for appropriation. A range of people contributed to the book, including Joane Cardinal-Schubert, Lenore Keeshig-Tobias, J. Jorge Klor de Alva, Hartman H. Lomawaima and Lynn S. Teague. Native Appropriations This long-running blog examines representations of Native Americans in popular culture through a critical lens. Adrienne Keene, who is of Cherokee descent, runs the blog. She is pursuing a doctorate in Harvard University’s Graduate School of Education and uses the Native Appropriations blog to examine images of Native Americans in film, fashion, sports and more. Keene also offers tips to the public on combating cultural appropriation of Native peoples and discussing the issue with the person who insists on dressing up as a Native American for Halloween or supporting the use of Native Americans as mascots. Beyond Buckskin The Beyond Buckskin website not only addresses the appropriation of Native American fashion but also features a boutique with jewelry, accessories, clothing and more crafted by Native American designers. â€Å"Inspired by relevant historical and contemporary Native American clothing design and art, Beyond Buckskin promotes cultural appreciation, social relationships, authenticity and creativity,† according to the website. Jessica Metcalfe (Turtle Mountain Chippewa) maintains the website. She has a doctorate in American Indian Studies from the University of Arizona.

Movie Review Shutter Island Essay - 1274 Words

The movie Shutter Island is an excellent movie presenting memorable twists and not to mention, many aspects from a psychological point of view. The suspense thriller movie exceedingly measured up to its genre, providing the action and adventure to keep the audience at the edge of their seats. Shutter Island not only made the audience speculate, but the script had an apprehensive and steady flow. I argue that Shutter Island be considered art, based on the criteria of the plot and script. Throughout the storyline, there were instances presented that are believable. The characters, not to mention, are believable as well in an authentic sense. Although some critics would say Shutter Island is a bad film, and not considered artistic, I think it†¦show more content†¦This unique approach is appropriate, opposed to telling patients that their symptoms are not real and its all in their head. Teddy is purposely set up to interact with the missing patient, Rachel. In reality, Rachel re presents Teddys deceased wife, Dolores. I think Teddy was set up to have this experience to see if maybe he will remember the past, life changing events. In hopes of curing Teddys delusions, it would seem as if the experiment were a success. It comes to be clear the experiment was a failure when Teddy starts acting like a detective all over again. The doctors continue to go along with his delusions and decide to take a drastic and final approach, surgery. performance Shutter Island is a well organized movie and has a script that is put together well. Although there were many questions I had about the movie, I still had a clear view what the movie was about and how each event affected Teddy Daniels. It was very interesting to see how the timeline of Shutter Island unraveled. The movie started off in the present and slowly back tracked its way into the past. From the past, making an immediate twist into the presence. Knowing exactly why Teddy suffers from many of his psychologocal disorders was another remarkable factor of this movie. In previous films, I have observed and pondered many questions that pertain to the main character. The majority of theShow MoreRelatedThe Shutter Island Movie Review1714 Words   |  7 Pages Shutter Island Movie Review In our society, almost all of us take a person only for face value. Rarely do we ever look past the actions of a person and actually consider their motives or mental state. This is most likely because doing so requires a lot of understanding and knowledge of the phenomena of the human mind. This is where Psychology and Psychiatry come into play. Through these fields of study we are able to expand our knowledge and understanding of the inner works of the human mind. It’sRead MoreShutter Island Theory Essays1283 Words   |  6 PagesA Shutter of Surprise Martin Scorsese and Leonardo DiCaprio teamed up in 2006 to bring the world the organized crime masterpiece, The Departed. The film was a huge success and swept the major awards at the Oscars that year, bring home such prizes as best picture and best director. The win cemented Scorsese as the greatest living filmmaker and he finally got the respect he deserves from the Academy. DiCaprio is one of the best actors of his generation. Titanic, The Aviator, and The Departed areallRead MoreCreative Writing About Shutter Island884 Words   |  4 Pagescall myself a film buff, and I haven’t many of these so-called masters. But this review isn’t about David Lynch, it’s about fast-talking film entrepreneur Martin Scorsese. And there’s been Taxi Driver, The Departed, Casino and now Shutter Island that I’ve seen. One thing I have been able to pick up from his movies, is that his subject matter tends to be either disconnected people from society or gangsters. Sh utter Island is the former and I feel it’s a bit like a cross between Taxi Driver and The GreenRead MoreHow Does The Hippocampus Plays A Vital Role? Memory Retrieval?1306 Words   |  6 Pageshippocampus supports and the process in which retrieval occurs is an ongoing debate. The two theories that are dominant in this debate are the Standard Model of Systems Consolidation (SMSC) and the Multiple Trace Theory (MTT). This paper will provide a review on the evidence supporting these two composing theories, the research providing evidence against the models, and finally their limitations. Additionally, a novel theory coined the Competitive Trace Theory (CTT) will be reviewed in order to concludeRead MorePsychotherapy And Pharmaceutical Treatments Are Far More1938 Words   |  8 Pagespharmaceutical treatments are far more humane than past methods for treating mental illnesses. One scene in Shutter Island where these advancements can be seen is a conversation early in the film, between Teddy and Dr. Cawley. The doctor is still familiarizing Teddy with the facility, and he explains how patients were treated in the past versus the new psychotherapy treatment performed on the island. He begins by explaining that in the past it â€Å"used to be the kind of patients we deal with here were shackledRead MoreNature Of Symptoms And Diagnosis1694 Words   |  7 PagesPart 2: Nature of Symptoms and Diagnosis†¨ Although the movie never specifies what Teddy’s diagnosis was, Dissociative Identity Disorder is the primary disorder that he should be diagnosed with and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder should be secondary. Dissociative Identity Disorder is characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states. The multiple personalities differ in many areas including affect, behavior, memory, perception, cognition, and sensory and motor function. TheRead MoreWhose Reality Essay1041 Words   |  5 Pagesconforming to the expected role of a 1950’s housewife. Another example includes the 2010 movie directed by Martin Scrosese titled ‘Shutter Island’, which clearly highlights the importance of accepting the alternative realities created by the mentally weak. The film’s protagonist Teddy Daniels believes himself to be a U.S marshal assigned to investigate the disappearance of a patient from Bostons Shutter Island mental institution. However, in true fact, Teddy is actually Andrew Laeddis, one of theRead MoreThe Good Son Directed By Joseph Ruben1629 Words   |  7 PagesPsychological thrillers have been around since before 1940s. Some of the most famous psychological thriller films include Fight Club, Black Swan, Psycho, Shutter Island, and many more. Despite the astounding technical aspects in the Psychological Thriller film, The Good Son directed by Joseph Ruben, some believe an ethical issue may have ruined a good movie. The Good Son is based on an 11 year old boy, Mark Evans, who lost his mother to a long battle of cancer and was forced to stay with his aunts familyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Nocturnal Animals 1511 Words   |  7 PagesNocturnal Animals is a movie written and directed and by the fashion juggernaut Tom Ford, who used capital earned from his brand to fund most of his movies and become a film director. In my opinion, Ford was extremely successful in transferring his artistry and creativity to cross the bridge from the fashion industry taking it to Hollywood. The movie features Amy Adams, known for her role as a supporting actress in the Superman movies which was not well received by the critics and American HustleRead MoreLeonardo Di Caprio2187 Words   |  9 Pagesin the short-lived series based on the movie Parenthood. On set, he met another struggling child actor, Tobey Maguire. The two quickly became friends and made a pact to help each other find roles in TV and movies. After Parenthood, DiCaprio had bit parts on several shows, including The New Lassie and Roseanne, as well as a brief stint on the soap opera Santa Barbara, playing the young Mason Capwell. His debut film role was Critters 3, a B-grade horror movie, which later went straight to video. Soon

Ever since the beginning of time there have been stars....

Ever since the beginning of time there have been stars. Not only stars in the sky, but moons, planets, and even galaxies! Astronomy is defined as the branch of science that deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole. In other words it is the study of space, planets, and stars. Throughout the ages, many people have used astronomy to help them learn about the universe, our own planet, and even make predictions about life itself. Understanding astronomy means understanding where it originated, the different groups/cultures that used it, and modern purposes of the science of the stars. Where did astronomy originate? According to the Department of Astronomy, the earliest people to keep astronomical records where†¦show more content†¦According to research done by the National University of Singapore the pyramids are only 3/60 of a degree off of true south. Another group contributing to the science of astronomy were the Chinese. The Chinese have been observing the sky for several thousand years. They are the oldest civilization with a continuous astronomical record. They have many amazing records, one including the first documented solar eclipse (over 4,000 years ago in 2,136 B.C.) They also recorded the first planetary grouping in 500 B.C. Planetary grouping is the planets separated into two groups. The inner and outer planets. This was a major accomplishment on the Chinese’s part because this led to the discovery of the planets rotation and positions. (Which turned into planetary science) The Polynesians were also an important group to astronomy. They were among the first people to navigate oceans. They used the stars to guide them, while the sun allowed them to keep track of their days. To navigate by using the stars you use celestial navigation. According to an article by Amy VanHaren, you use the angles between stars and the horizon to locate your position on the globe. To do this you use the Big Dipper and Cassiopeia. (The Big Dipper is shaped like a ladle with a long handle and a rectangular head, while the Cassiopeia is a constellation of five stars that makeShow MoreRelatedConspiracy Theories: Moon Landing Essay1292 Words   |  6 PagesConspiracy theories have been around since the beginning of time. When NASA sent the first landed on the moon, there are people who believed that NASA faked the moon landings. Men, such as Bill Kaysing, the Flat Earth Society, and Davie Groves, and Bart Sibrel, have written books, delivered lectures, and made videos about w hy they believed NASA faked the moon landings. Based on their observations which include no stars in their pictures, NASAs drive to beat the Russians to the moon, and a way to distractRead MoreHow Man Can Invent Life Changing Inventions Essay1688 Words   |  7 Pagesmore questions arise such as: When did it begin? Where did it begin? Why did it begin? Every person that walked the Earth and lived their small, miniscule lives have looked to the oceans, skies, stars, and planets, and wondered what their purpose and plan was in the grand universe. Through research, studies, science and technology, man has been extremely powerful in such a short existence on this planet. Man has developed laws of nature, machines, computers, satellites, space shuttles, and weapons strongRead MoreThe Legend And The Sky2818 Words   |  12 PagesOsiris and the Sky; The Legend and the Stars Since the beginning of time, people have looked to the sky for wisdom, guidance, and understanding. The stars have been a source of excitement for billions of years. Mankind has always looked to the stars to understand our world. They have given us a sense of belonging and purpose. Something so remarkable about man’s relationship with the stars are the myths we’ve made to go along with them. To this day, these myths are still used by astronomers to identifyRead MoreThe Importance Of Looking At The Sky1336 Words   |  6 PagesFor thousands of years now, people have been observing the sky and the universe. Most would assume that this did not happen until the Renaissance period, from the 14th to the 17th century, when in fact it started much earlier than that. We can thank many of the Greeks for this matter, such as Aristotle for an example. The main reasons for the use of looking at the sky was obvious in many cases, the two main reasons were for traveling and farming. It was essential for surviving to know the seasonsRead More The Passing Down of a Tribes Ancient Legends Essay4457 Words   |  18 Pageseight-familiar stories 2. ten- know history III answer basic questions A. where do we come from B. where are we going C. how the world came into being D. how it was transformed E. guidelines of behavior F. tools of survival IV unknown how long been around A. possible nomadic ancestors from old world 1. Siberian land bridge 2. Migrated 3. Regional tales similar B. Environmental contributions 1. northeastern forest dwellers a. arctic hare b. wolf c. cedar tree 2. agricultural southerners Read MorePersuasive Essay On Space Exploration1554 Words   |  7 Pageswe dont have access to intricate spaceships, and high tech space programs well ahead of their time. No. Space exploration has been at a slow crawl ever since the end of the space race in 1975, and since then Americans have lost all interest. Although, this doesnt mean Americans are at fault for the lack of progress in our galatic progress, rather its more along the lines of miscommunication. With technology constantly advancing, and more people having access to the internet, we have become accustomedRead MoreMoon Landing Hoax Essay2276 Words   |  10 PagesMoon Landing Hoax John F. Kennedy once said, No nation which expects to be the leader of other nations can expect to stay behind in this race for space...We choose to go to the Moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard†. The main motive for this quote was to ensure that the United States wanted to beat out the Soviets in the space race. Ever since the Soviets tried to advance on the moon, the United States wanted to be the first successfulRead MoreThe Theory of Everything Book Report2605 Words   |  11 Pages Since the dawn of the man we have been wanderers and explorers, looking up at the night sky, studying the stars, and pondering the origin of them. How did we get here? Who are we? Why are we here? Why does anything exist? These are questions that have baffled us since we first looked to the stars, and still do continue to linger amongst us. Will we ever know the answer to these questions? This cannot be easily answered, for we uncover new mysteries every day, but with the uncovering of one mysteryRead More Galileo Galilei Essay2617 Words   |  11 Pagesmodifications were well known and very popular. His alterations helped clarify the idea that the earth and planets revolve around the sun as opposed to the other way around. This powerful telescope, for its time, also helped astronomers see that there was a vast universe with a myriad of stars just waiting to be discovered (â€Å"The First Telescopes†). Just as Columbus’s discoveries of the new world influenced countrie s to explore into the â€Å"new world,† the American continent, there are countless of newRead MoreSimilarities Between Islam And Christianity1421 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion different ways; by war, aliens or global warming; it seems every person has a theory as to what will happen. Christians and Muslims both have prediction and prophecy telling what insanity will ensue when the earth ceases to exist. Islam and Christianity have some very similar theories and also some very contrasting theories. â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. †¦the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the spirit of God was hovering

Analysis Of The Movie Degrassi - 1415 Words

Whatever It Takes â€Å"Whatever it takes†¦ I know I can make it through.† When your ears awakened to this catchy theme song, it was inevitable that Degrassi: The Next Generation was on-air. Televised from all aspects of the department of education; parents, students and faculty. You receive a depiction of reality as well as a true insight of transforming through a conditioned environment; an educated institution. Degrassi has been popular for decades, continuously creating new sub-series maintaining an engagement with their viewers. The lives of the students at Degrassi Community School dealing with the serious and sometimes taboo issues that plague teenagers. Not to mention countless small films in between all of the different variations†¦show more content†¦Emma has a best friend named Manuela (Manny) whom she knew majority of her life. Emma was an environmental rights activist with a high strung personality. Very blunt and reasonable. Manuela began possessing a go with the flow kind of personality. She can be described as an introvert. Their two guy friends in which they share their middle and high school experience with are J.T and Toby. J.T is the class clown who lives to make people laugh. He has a passion for trying to get the attention of older, hot girls at Degrassi. Toby on the other hand is a school geek. He is tech savvy with a strong vocabulary. Liberty Van Zandt is the female version of Toby. She is definitely an overachiever always seeking to be ahead of her classmates in her academics. In many cases, Liberty and Emma had a lot of conflicts and dispute due to their strong personalities. These characters started the base of this sub-series. Evidently, began the jam-packed drama. Real teenage issues such as the pathway to finding your true being, down to the passage of diseases and pregnancies trailed the hallways of Degrassi. In one instance, the character Manny was in dealings with Craig Manning. He doesn’t appear unt il season two. Both Manny and Emma have a crush on Craig but, he found light in Manny. They began dating as well as becoming intimate. The big issue was their age. While Manny was only in grade 8, Craig was already a freshman in high school. This setShow MoreRelated The Metamorphosis of the Schemer Stereotype Essays2085 Words   |  9 Pagesuseful to focus in on a specific area, along with a certain stereotype. One area of the mass media that definitely requires some critical analysis is the entertainment industry, particularly television and cinema. It is very apparent that these two mediums are embedded with gender stereotypes, because one merely has to switch on a television or pop in a movie, and he or she is exposed to at least one, if not several gender stereotypes. Nevertheless, it would be rather overindulgent and carelessRead MoreThe Same Canadian Laws For Sex Work2284 Words   |  10 Pagesany great depth, it’s another example of a positive perspective on the s ubject. Unfortunately, in the past, prostitution has been used in a derogatory tone or as the butt of a joke in much of Canadian T.V. including but not limited to episodes of Degrassi: The Next Generation, Little Mosque on the Prairie, and The Trailer Park Boys. The subject will no doubt become more accurately portrayed as we continue to move towards a society where prostitution is becoming more and more normalized as the culture

Everyman morality play essay Example For Students

Everyman morality play essay Everyman is an English morality play written by an anonymous author in the late fifteenth century. It is an allegorical play as well, and may have been based on an earlier Dutch morality play. In the beginning of the play, a foreword describes the message the story will portray. A messenger tells the audience that people should be good in life, and look forward to death so they may go to heaven. Sin seems good to people at the time, but it will bring about sorrow when they die. When the story begins, God is unhappy with the people in the world, and says these people are unkind to him. God believes they are only interested in secular riches and don’t fear his justice. The seven deadly sins are now an accepted ritual in daily life. One man in particular, Everyman, seeks his own pleasure and does not thank God. God calls on Death to bring him Everyman. Death tells God that Everyman is not expecting Death yet, but God tells Death to bring him anyway. When Death meets Everyman, Everyman asks him why he has come. Death tells Everyman that he has forgotten God, and lives a bad life. Death then asks Everyman to give his life account to God. This life is mostly bad ith a few good deeds. Everyman bribes Death to come back another day if Everyman gave one thousand pounds. Death tells Everyman that the richest man would never die if he accepted bribes. Everyman continues to plead, however, asking if he could have another twelve years to turn his life around, or if he could take someone with him. Death responds by telling Everyman that he is smart, but hasn’t used his knowledge to change his life. Death then tells Everyman to go and see if anyone would come with him. Everyman then departs and tries to find someone to go with him. He calls upon Fellowship, and asks if he will go. When Everyman tells Fellowship that he will never come back, Fellowship will not go with Everyman. Next, Everyman calls upon his friends and kinsman to go with him. Everyman tells them that Death has come for an account of his life, and that he will accept Everyman to take someone with him. Kindred says he will not go, then Cousin tells Everyman he has a cramp in his toe, and this is why he cannot go. Kindred says that he will give Everyman his maid, and that she will go with him. However, Everyman realizes he has been eceived and leaves. Everyman then finds Goods and Riches, and asks him to go along with Everyman. Goods and Riches is packed away in chests and is forgotten, and Everyman tells him that money makes everything that is wrong right, so he should go with him. However, Goods and Riches is too brittle to go, and tells Everyman that if he shared Goods and Riches with the poor, then he would not have to take this journey. He then tells Everyman that he is a thief. Now Everyman realizes that Kindred, Cousin, and Goods and Riches have all orsaken him, and that he must call upon the weak Good Deeds for help. Good Deeds is weak because he is never used. Good Deeds tells Everyman to do as he says, and he and his sister Knowledge will go with him on his journey. Knowledge says he must first go to confession, and that if he asks for forgiveness of his sins from God, they will be forgiven. Everyman asks for forgiveness, then prays for Mary to help him, and save him from his enemy, Death. Because Everyman goes to confession, Good Deeds and Knowledge will go with Everyman on his journey. .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db , .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .postImageUrl , .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db , .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:hover , .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:visited , .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:active { border:0!important; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:active , .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5198c9932087c6bb1ee18bcbf964d3db:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Vampire Of Kaldenstein EssayEveryman puts on a robe to shown his forgiveness, and believes the three are ready to depart on the journey when Good Deeds tells Everyman he must first meet with Discretion, Strength, Beauty, and Five Wits. These four tell Everyman they will also accompany Everyman on his journey. Knowledge tells Everyman he must first receive the sacrament of Extreme Unction from a priest before he dies. During the Middle Ages, priests are believed to have been all-powerful. They were above all men, and believed to have been given the power to cure all; they are able to ure men’s redemption. However, like Chaucer, the author of Everyman was aware that some religious figures led worldly and often lustful lives, and used the play as an opportunity to satirize these clergy members. In the story, Knowledge gives a warning to these respected religious members. Finally, Everyman makes it to his grave, where Discretion, Strength, Beauty, and Five Wits realize that their going along on the journey with Everyman meant death. All four quickly gave excuses to leave Everyman, and do not embark upon the journey with him. Good Deeds tells Everyman that earthly things are vanity, and that Good Deeds and Knowledge are good and remain forever. Everyman then gives himself to the grave in the presence of Good Deeds and Knowledge. In the end of the play, the Doctor tells the audience that Pride, Beauty, Five Wits, Strength, and Discretion leave them, and that nothing other than Good Deeds and Knowledge will help them when they are judged at death by God. If a person lives his life with courtesy and care while gaining knowledge and performing good deeds, he will be placed in heaven with God.

Product Layouts Essay Example For Students

Product Layouts Essay In todays world of operations management, layouts of manufacturing processes play a key role in achieving and maintaining long term goals. These layouts need to be well thought out and carefully planned for they can effect the cost or producing goods and delivering services for many years into the future. Layouts are dependent on the technology utilized and product type manufactured. There are four typical layouts: process layout, product layout, fixed position layout and combination layout. A combination layout is a layout that shares properties of two or more layouts.Such as a group technology layout that shares characteristics of a process layout and a product layout. Theyre similar in that the cells are designed to perform a specific set of processes, and it is similar to product layout in that the cells are dedicated to a limited range of products. Each layout usually involves compromise and balancing of the process variables and its always debatable whether the perfect layout a ctually exists. The purpose of layout planning is: to maximize the efficiency and profitability of a manufacturing operation to allow consistency and quality in products to be produced to allow flexibility and ease of adaptation for machinery and production personnel to products as required by the market(Anonymous 2). Some characteristics of a good layout would be minimum material movement, workstations close together, easily adjustable to changing conditions and one plant floor so that everyone can see whats going on. To define and explain, a product layout is a product-orientated layout that is appropriate for producing one standardized product in typically large volumes. Each unit being produced requires the same sequence of operations from beginning till end. During times when product demand is high enough and sustainable over a long period of time, it is usually cost effective to rearrange resources from a process layout to a product layout. In certain cases the equipment layou ts are arranged so that the product in manufactured in a sequential and continuous arrangement. A good example would be an assembly line. Assembly lines can vary widely either they can be virtually 100 percent parts assembly by workers or by a transfer line where all the work being done is by machine. An assembly line is a special case of a product layout. In a general sense, the term assembly line refers to a progressive assembly linked by some type of material handling device (Davis, Aquilano, and Chase 257). The assumption being made is that some form of pacing is present and that allowable processing time is equivalent for all workstations. There are different types of assembly lines such as material handling devices (belt or roller conveyor), line configuration (U-shape, straight, or branching) and workstation characteristics where workers may sit, stand, walk with the line, or ride the line. An important factor not to be over looked is the human factor. Early assembly lines moved at a predetermined pace that means that the line moved ahead regardless of whether or not the work was completed. Under this structure, workers who fell behind had to rush and complete their assigned tasks, with the result often being faulty workmanship. In recent years this structure has changed in stead of having machine-paced lines we now have worker-paced machine lines. The operator now continues to work on a product until the work assigned is satisfactorily completed at a station. The quality of the products being completed is significantly higher than the products being completed on the machine-paced lines. There is also a method being used called assembly line balancing where you assign all of the tasks required to a series of workstations so that the time required to do the work at each station does not exceed the cycle time and the idle time. .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 , .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .postImageUrl , .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 , .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:hover , .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:visited , .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:active { border:0!important; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:active , .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7 .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u86d1d2e29d1cf71b48ce81992b698ee7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Martin Luther King Jr. EssayAlso used and commonly seen is group technology a form of the combination layout. A group technology layout brings together dissimilar machines into work centers (or cells) to work on products that have similar shapes and processing requirements (Davis, Aquilano, Chase 254). Group technology (GT) as a manufacturing philosophy plays a major role in design standardization, manufacturing cell layouts, process planning, purchasing, and manufacturing technology design. One of the most significant ways to use GT is to facilitate significant reductions in design time and effort. A group technology (or cellular) layout allocates dissimilar machines into cells to work on products that have similar weights, shapes, and processing requirements. You can see group technology being used in metal fabricating, computer chip manufacture, and assembly work. Because group technology is similar to a process layout many companies may shift to a GT layout. When developing a GT cellular layout there are three steps that need to be followed: the first, grouping parts into families that follow a common sequence of steps. This means developing a classification and coding system that is designed for rapid retrieval of all design data pertaining to the manufacturing of the product. This is often a major expense with companies. The second identifying dominant flow patterns of parts-families as a basis for location or relocation of processes. Thirdly physically grouping machines and processes into cells. Often there are parts that can not be grouped or associated with any family in which they are placed in a remainder cell. In practice most layouts are combination layouts with product and process layouts being combined. There are also many other issues that need to be addressed such as the available space in the existing buildings, input, output and storage areas. Also noted the in process storage areas, proximity to utilities, arrangement to maximize shared resources, the consistent manufacture of quality and cost effective products. Layout can affect both employee relationships and customer satisfaction. A layout can help or hinder employee relationships with one another with subsequent effects on employee motivation and performance. For example the decision to adopt a process layout which often groups workers according to skills may not be compatible with an operation requiring some persons of all skills to produce a variety of different products. For process and product layouts, the design begins with a statement of the goals and facility. Preliminary layouts are then designed to meet these goals. After initial designs have been developed, improved designs are sought through numerical analysis and discussion with the users. The development of a layout should involve everyone that it is effecting. Computer based models can be used for preliminary estimations to create some preliminary layouts using CAD or similar drawing software. The layouts then can be analyzed against the goals of the facility and improvement made if necessary. In summary while there are a lot of tools for good layout planning and each layout are dependent on the type of products and external variables impacting on the manufacturing process. A skilled layout planner working with manufacturing staff and management should work through objectives and options to determine the optimal solution for a given facility. Bibliography: